Leptospirosis in Children: What Parents Need to Know

July 22, 2023

Photo credit Vanna Phon

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can be spread to humans through contact with the urine of infected animals, such as rats, dogs, and livestock. It is a common disease in tropical and subtropical regions, but it can occur anywhere in the world. Leptospirosis is especially dangerous for children, as they are more likely to experience severe complications.

Symptoms of leptospirosis in children

The symptoms of leptospirosis in children can vary depending on the severity of the infection. In mild cases, children may experience fever, headache, muscle aches, and nausea. In more severe cases, children may develop jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), kidney failure, and respiratory problems.

How is leptospirosis diagnosed?

Leptospirosis can be diagnosed by a blood test. The test will look for antibodies to the leptospira bacteria.

Treatment for leptospirosis in children

Leptospirosis is treated with antibiotics. Children with mild infections can be treated with oral antibiotics at home. Children with more severe infections may need to be hospitalized to receive intravenous antibiotics.

Complications of leptospirosis in children

Leptospirosis can lead to a number of serious complications in children, including:

• Kidney failure
• Liver failure
• Respiratory problems
• Meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
• Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle)
• Death

How to prevent leptospirosis in children

There are a number of things that parents can do to help prevent their children from getting leptospirosis, including:

• Teaching their children to avoid contact with the urine of wild and domestic animals
• Keeping their children's hands clean by washing them frequently with soap and water
• Avoiding contact with stagnant water, such as puddles and floodwaters
• Wearing protective footwear when working or playing in areas where leptospirosis is common

Conclusion

Leptospirosis is a serious bacterial infection that can be especially dangerous for children. Parents can help protect their children from leptospirosis by teaching them to avoid contact with the urine of infected animals, keeping their hands clean, and avoiding contact with stagnant water.